Definition of Language
- Special kind of code
- Standard code consists of set of symbols
- Can be connected to words and phrases
- When we crack a code.
- Understand the code
- Need to understand the code that we are translating it into.
Language Components & Skills
- Form
- Phonology
- Morphology
- Syntax
- Content
- Semantics
- Use
- Pragmatics
Formal Language Assessment
- Standardized instruments used to compare a student’s performance with pre-established criteria.
- Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals
- Linguistic profile test
- Standardized instruments used to compare a student’s performance with pre-established criteria
- Screening Tests
- Provides general overview in particular area and can be norm referenced.
- Diagnostic Tests
- Measure one or more specific language components.
Phonology
- Study of sounds, rules that govern it.
- Individual phonemes they do not convey meaning.
- Phonemes alter meaning of words when combined (e.g., sat to bat).
Syntax
- Study of the rules
- Grammar of the language and allows for more complex expression of thoughts
Semantics
- The larger meaning component of language.
- More than single words, includes complex use of vocabulary, including structures such as word categories, word relationships, synonyms, antonyms, figurative language, ambiguities, and absurdities.
Pragmatics
- Knowledge and ability to use language in social or interactive situations.
- Knowledge and use of rule governing the use of language in social context
Articulation and Phonological Assessment
- Levels of assessment
- Presence of phonological processes
- Compare with normative data
- Stimulability of speech sounds
- Identify potential treatment targets
Levels of Attention
- Attention control level:
- Level 1: Can pay fleeting attention
- Level 2: Will attend to own choice of activity, but will not tolerate intervention, particularly verbal..
- Level 3: Will attend to adults choice of activity, but still difficult to control.
- Level 4:Single channeled, but more easily controlled.
- Level 5: Integrated attention for short spell. Level 6: Integrated attention is well controlled
Imitation Skills
- Gross body imitation
- Fine motor imitation
- Oro motor imitation
- Fine oro motor imitation with speech sounds
- Sounds to words
Voice disorders / Fluency Disorders
- Inappropriate loudness, pitch, quality and resonance
- Stuttering
- Cluttering
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