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Definition of Language

• Special kind of code
• Standard code consists of set of symbols
• Can be connected to words and phrases
• When we crack a code.
• Understand the code
• Need to understand the code that we are translating it into.

 Language Components & Skills

• Form
  • Phonology
  • Morphology
  • Syntax
• Content
  • Semantics
• Use
  • Pragmatics

  Formal Language Assessment

•  Standardized instruments used to compare a student’s performance with pre-established criteria.
  • Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals
  • Linguistic profile test
  • Standardized instruments used to compare a student’s performance with pre-established criteria
• Screening Tests
  • Provides general overview in particular area and can be norm referenced.
• Diagnostic Tests
  • Measure one or more specific language components.

 Phonology

• Study of sounds, rules that govern it.
• Individual phonemes they do not convey meaning.
• Phonemes alter meaning of words when combined (e.g., sat to bat).

 Syntax

• Study of the rules
• Grammar of the language and allows for more complex expression of thoughts

Semantics

• The larger meaning component of language.
• More than single words, includes complex use of vocabulary, including structures such as word categories, word relationships, synonyms, antonyms, figurative language, ambiguities, and absurdities.

 Pragmatics

• Knowledge and ability to use language in social or interactive situations.
• Knowledge and use of rule governing the use of language in social context

 Articulation and Phonological Assessment

• Levels of assessment
• Presence of phonological processes
• Compare with normative data
• Stimulability of speech sounds
• Identify potential treatment targets

 Levels of Attention

• Attention control level:
• Level 1: Can pay fleeting attention
• Level 2: Will attend to own choice of activity, but will not tolerate intervention, particularly verbal..
• Level 3: Will attend to adults choice of activity, but still difficult to control.
• Level 4:Single channeled, but more easily controlled.
• Level 5: Integrated attention for short spell. Level 6: Integrated attention is well controlled

 Imitation Skills

• Gross body imitation
• Fine motor imitation
• Oro motor imitation
• Fine oro motor imitation with speech sounds
• Sounds to words

 Voice disorders / Fluency Disorders

• Inappropriate loudness, pitch, quality and resonance
• Stuttering
• Cluttering